Shenzhen, Shenzhen and Hong Kong financial cooperation is the biggest advantage

 Institute of Finance, the State Council Development Research Center, Xia Bin, director: Shenzhen-Hong Kong financial cooperation is the biggest advantage

Shenzhen Securities Times reporter Yang Li-hua

held in Shenzhen yesterday, the second session of the Forum on China's economy 50 , the State Council Development Research Center, Xia Bin, director of the Institute of Finance that Shenzhen-Hong Kong financial cooperation, will be the biggest advantage of Shenzhen and conditions. Xia Bin

that the next breakthrough is not in financial reform and the Shenzhen exchange rate of RMB each other to control these important issues, but rather to obey the unified arrangement of the State, with the national financial strategy. Shenzhen, Hong Kong should make good use of opportunities for the development of offshore yuan market, self-building task, namely,

Shenzhen borders Hong Kong and Shenzhen than in Hong Kong are aware of any city in the mainland, so the range of RMB internationalization issues such as the status and role of Shenzhen irreplaceable. Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is the biggest breakthrough in the financial industry and innovation.

said Xia Bin, the internationalization of RMB is the yuan as soon as possible to let go, let the yuan in the international circle to form a self-cycle, deposits, loans, stocks, bonds and other kinds of circulation, around the world want to take the yuan. Shenzhen in this regard, the advantages unmatched.

aspects of the RMB to go out, on the one hand the development of the renminbi in the share of QDII, direct investment in Hong Kong financial market, so that the mainland cities of Shenzhen and the funds under the guidance of relevant state regulations, to enter Hong Kong through Shenzhen; another aspects of conditional ability to organize the Shenzhen bank ten countries of ASEAN, Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America RMB loans. Return in terms of RMB, Shenzhen also has coordinated an interactive bridge between the Mainland and Hong Kong.

Xia Bin that the development of Asian bond market, the Shenzhen also has a lot of room. Asian dollar bond market to engage in it, is the country's needs. Xia Bin, suggested Shenzhen can try in Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, to find close partners, the establishment of private rating agencies in Asia. Combined the power of the initiative to form a private organization in Asia to study the characteristics of Asia's debt and promote the Asian bond market and U.S. dollar bond market.

said Xia Bin, Shenzhen can do to emulate the Swiss private bank. In addition to the financial industry with the national policy, you can create a genuine private bank. In addition, Shenzhen and Hong Kong, Shenzhen is also close co-operation can take advantage of the special status, with the extension of the diversification of foreign exchange reserves to support the use of national foreign exchange reserve diversification.

Ram the team is different from last year, Kraft Do not lose the ball good luck

 Chairman Karl-Heinz Rummenigge: I said before, this will be an exciting race. Competition may even be played to a 4 to 4, we state well, the result is very satisfactory. Bayern played very well, this is a completely different team from last year, if the next round does not make mistakes, we have great opportunity to enter into the quarter-finals.

(This article Source: NEW YORK Author: Bo approx)
cruised the first leg of the Champions League, Bayern Munich away 1 0 Rick Inter, scoring hero Gomez, a number of successful suppression of the Craft, Robben sent assists are the hero, who, Bayern official website will also record their comments after the game.

YORK, Feb. 24 report:

Craft: We played a great game and orderly, Bayern Munich and Inter Milan have some break opportunity, and I was lucky to block some balls. 1 to 0 victory over Inter Milan is a very satisfactory result, which means we cut a great chance. Back home we will do so in order to go after.


Ram: The team should demonstrate the strength of our performance is much better than last year in May of that Champions League final, especially on the defensive. Actively running the team, and scored a valuable goal. Kraft is an important contributor in this field, it was his clean sheet to ensure that the 0. I hope the team can go further in the Champions league as far as possible, of course, better to clinch the title.

Gomez: I am in the final moment has finally seized the opportunity. This have worked together, defending well, but the next round of competition is still tough, we can not relax.

Van Gaal: It is a very attractive game and we deserved the victory. 1 to 0 I was satisfied, and I was very anxious to hurry up a lead, because we missed a lot of opportunities. Fortunately, heaven pays off in the end we still managed to get goals. But Inter's performance is very good, they showed they are a good team.

Ten hot Telecommunications Exhibition 2009

 Last year, Yan Yuelong one I wrote to the communication development, competitive intelligence from the point of view I predict a bit Yan Yuelong said Aspect be able to obtain the number of harvest.
Recent days, there have been about my friends Day to write a .8 Yuelong Yan, Yan Yuelong's masterpiece Telecommunications Exhibition Ten hot:
1. TD-SCDMA industry chain to give the industry confidence
how much last year, China Mobile and TD-SCDMA Industry Alliance with the exhibitors, and chaired a number of forums over the past year , and looking back, there are a lot of positive significance, but was not issued 3G licenses, re just in full swing, rival China Mobile, far from the formation of pressure, so the overall feeling of watching a little on paper, and now the environment has changed, TD -SCDMA has made significant progress, telecommunications exhibition will be the TD-SCDMA industry chain important stage show of confidence, but also a number of wait and see attitude to send an important business opportunity, of course, go show display, can reach the industry recognized need your Communication exhibition to go to.
competitive intelligence techniques:
distinguish between say and do, some do, and did not say, or for confidentiality reasons, can not say that, although some said, but the actual and no substantive input.
2. the three network operators in the construction progress of the
Although media reports had never been broken, but I think there will be operators of this press conference as a low-cost market.
Competitive Intelligence Skills:
to find information published in Communications Exhibition, to change that part, it is best to ask why. Therefore, the exhibitors should be preceded sum up, the operator had on how the network construction.
3. 3G terminals enriched enough to do
3G terminal is definitely hot this meeting, including mobile phones, network card, Internet, remote monitoring terminal and G3 of the fixed-line and home gateways, home networking equipment. collection includes now do, such as the future of the process.
competitive intelligence techniques:
the best performance and price compared with a comprehensive, focusing on providing a vendor terminals for different types of standards and performance, further derivation different manufacturers with different attitudes to different standards of practice and different standards of its maturity and future outlook.
4. 3G operators apply what contemplated?
believe that this exhibition, the three operators will the commercial has been in the country, has begun a trial in some provinces, the application of research and development has been completed to the exhibition, including for individuals (white-collar workers, students, etc.), family, government, enterprise applications, from which the basic to outline the three major 3G operators, the outline application.
equipment manufacturers and solution providers will also become a summary of the relevant stand a very effective complement to the process.
competitive intelligence techniques:
part of the information through the industry chain and partners to obtain, at the show, sharing the chain, and even cross-exchange, is likely to impact the new opportunities, or to drive business innovation.
5. IT, Internet and other areas of How big is the impact of the telecommunications industry?
3G wireless broadband era, Apple, Microsoft, INTEL, google, Cisco, IBM and so on in the communications industry found new opportunities and gains have been very lucrative. I believe this exhibition will become a force to be reckoned.
competitive intelligence techniques:
show on such occasions from the communication easier to find potential threats (SWOT's T) or potential alternative (Porter's competitive analysis replacement).
6. the communications industry to understand the Internet, wireless Internet
With the rapid development of 3G LTE begin commercial trial, operators, equipment manufacturers, terminal operators, application service providers willy-nilly, with access to the Internet and wireless Internet field, pipeline operators unwilling to do business, equipment manufacturers also hope to provide solutions, terminal operators hope to directly or through the App Store built-in embedded applications. While these companies have made significant progress, but Most of understanding is still continuing to explore, different enterprises will be very different understanding of the same phenomenon.
competitive intelligence techniques:
a company new to the understanding of decision-making related to business development of the company have a great impact, This understanding can be divided into different stages, and it may be hypocritical, . mainstream operators, equipment manufacturers understand and may even affect the entire industry knowledge and processes.
7. the communications industry to understand the fixed-mobile convergence and triple play
three operators have become a full-service provider, With fixed-mobile convergence to the new demands, this integration can be divided into different levels, from the simple cross-promotion, but a unified billing, and then seamlessly integrated solution. triple play, three-screen Fusion is also the focus of operators, but the policy limit, less technologically sophisticated, no perfect solution. In addition to foreign operators, equipment manufacturers, chip makers, software vendors, solution providers, also very concerned about the changes in this area, I believe will bring a lot of new content.
competitive intelligence techniques:
result of the policy environment is different, so the visits and exchanges, we should focus on different national or global program solutions, whether in China, success stories, and its customers? the driving factor behind the beneficial and which?
8. 3G when replaced, the industry's understanding of what changes WIMAX
rapid advance in our 3G business in the process of major equipment manufacturers worldwide , operators of 3G technology evolution, the development of next-generation technology has not been stagnant, the focus is the progress of LTE, TD-HSUPA, CDMA2000 1X EVDO version of B, mobile WIMAX and other processes, including network, terminal, chip, test equipment, all aspects progress.
competitive intelligence techniques:
significant cyclical mature technology, from the prototype, prototype, pilot-scale commercial to commercial, technology rapidly matures, industrial chain link may become the bottleneck of limited maturity of the technology , and a mature technology process, the next generation of technology research and development has begun at the same time, a vendor may also be based on several competing technologies, but also the attitude of different technologies has obvious differences in the development of more direct communication feel it.
9. vendors will bring any new technology, new ideas and new solutions
telecommunications exhibition, new technology demonstration will be a major, these technologies include fixed line, mobile, basic Internet research and development, including the integration of technology and application technology, the most noteworthy is the evolution of 3G technology, WIMAX technology maturity, CMMB mobile TV technology, etc., WIFI and the WAPI technology, and the application of mobile location-based technology, based on user The application of information technology, Internet technology applications in 3G networks and so on.
competitive intelligence techniques:
technical exhibition has always been technology, patent competitive intelligence gathering, an opportunity to discover the place, due to the high cost of telecommunications technology research and development, cycle is long, and must be supported by the industry chain, so many companies have adopted appropriate technology, public policy, which for technical information gathering and exchange of information for further study provided the opportunity.
10. relevant government policy changes or signs of change do?
including asymmetric regulation policy, interconnection policy, sharing policy, the Internet network control policies, Internet content control policies, wireless Internet access control policies, mobile payment policy, personal information protection policy, mobile phone application store policy, antitrust policy, government ministries on how the financial crisis affected the understanding of such communications.
competitive intelligence techniques:
most of the first signs of change in policy, and the three operators is not simply the recipient of information, on the part of policy guidance and to promote a certain ability to collect and analyze information to predict a very strong development of the industry.
another: Yan Yuelong last year I had a few comments hot, the comments of his own, and I do not to say.
Related:
pay about competitive intelligence light series: to dig up information communication development (written communication, 2008 before the show). pdf (or to! IT competitive intelligence forum to download)
semi-annual report to the three operators are not short-term profits Hero [Original 2009-09-09]
3G terminals have three operators cupboard

Tofu stir up the pot (in the end have not been able figure out which parts of the dish)

 However, the good becomes
【Material】
Ingredients: tofu 2 South, 2 eggs, flour.
Seasoning: chicken broth, sesame oil, cooking wine, salt, diced green onion, ginger, garlic at the end.
first tofu cut into oblong pieces, then cut back into the middle of the triangle, square placed in the dish, sprinkle with diced green onion, ginger, then add cooking wine, salt, salt immersion taste.
beat the egg In bowl, mix well. the oil into the pan, 4 to 5 on the fire to become hot, the tofu dipped in flour on both sides before, again and again on the egg, a piece of ground into the oil, into pieces brown remove to.
pan Heat the oil to remain low, with a little onion, ginger, garlic, soy pan, followed by the next chicken soup (in fact water can), wine, salt, MSG, mix the juice, so after the bombing of boiling hot been in place tofu slices, then put a small fire fanned fry for a while, this time to put some pieces of carrot, green pepper slices, water fungus things like decorative colors only when the absorption of dry soup, drop into a little sesame oil, poured into a dish Serve.
golden color, the white Ruannen, taste delicious.

The main principle of the establishment, development and decline

 Outline the main principles: the principle of subjectivity; I think therefore I am; Copernican revolution; subjectivity evening
one of the main principles of
from Greek philosophy Western philosophy since the beginning of its basic principles established This is the Learning to know, to grasp the object of knowledge as the primary means. Thus, rationalism, scientism, and epistemology constitutes the tradition of Western philosophy or basic disciplines. Corresponding to this, will become the main issues It is one of the basic issues. However, despite the problem of subjectivity is an important issue in Western philosophy, but it really stands out, as valued by philosophers, but mainly modern philosophy for the future. because the ancient Greek philosophers in the pursuit of knowledge While not out of simple and intuitive, they do not realize the main issues. With the progress of modern science, the rapid expansion of human knowledge and expansion to a deeper level, has become an issue of epistemology and philosophy of science priority. corresponding to the modern Enlightenment, finally became the main principle of the basic principles of philosophy.
knowledge of Western philosophy in pursuit of the ideal, and therefore more developed theory of knowledge, and constitute one of its basic features. Since it is the pursuit of knowledge, the awakening of subjectivity into the development process for a necessary stage: When scientific knowledge has developed to a certain stage, if the subject's own lack of understanding of further understanding, it is difficult to move forward the development of scientific knowledge. The results, main principle is not only the basic principles of modern philosophy, but also constitute the basic concepts of Western civilization, its influence still play a role in.
However, both the length of all things, there is always the short. one of the main is based on the principle of separation of subject and object, based on, but which determines the unity of the two is impossible; the other hand, developed from the principle of subjectivity out of a false and exaggerated anthropocentrism. Therefore, 20 century Western philosophy to counteract the main principles of this mission, following Nietzsche shouted .
, of course, the main issues is not only epistemological issue, but also ethics, history, philosophy and other disciplines, problems, which is one of the basic problems of Western philosophy, but this chapter we discuss the main subject on the epistemological issues, as it constitutes the main contents of this issue.
Second, I think, therefore I
Although the main issues in philosophy was born as early as the beginning has been in existence, but this issue has become philosophers consciously think the main problem, but it is only the beginning of modern philosophy.
Greek philosophy Western philosophy from the beginning of a study that established the concept of knowledge, it is generally necessary to obtain knowledge as a goal, so the epistemological problems - of course, include the main issues - the basic problem is that it should be. However, when the ancient philosophers began to philosophical thinking, they are still in with the natural world, regardless of the realm of things I do not know How many arduous efforts of sensory experience from the concept of abstract universal, so although there are certainly concerned to understand the main issues, but the problem for a long time for the philosophers are not conscious. from the Renaissance beginning, science has expanded rapidly in the differentiation of the various disciplines gradually established their own research, both in depth and in breadth have made remarkable achievements. Therefore, the epistemological problem becomes one of the important issues of philosophy , which is why the beginning of modern philosophy of experience there and Rationalism debate on the question of understanding the causes.
Usually we call the awakening of subjectivity or self-consciousness principle is the basic spirit of modern philosophy, but the basic spirit of the founder of the French philosopher Descartes.
boarded the philosophy of Descartes the date of the stage, it is the decline of scholastic philosophy, philosophy, when undone. before him the difficult task of metaphysics is to rebuild the entire human re-lay the foundation for building knowledge. So, how can we determine the basis for human knowledge, it? philosopher Descartes is not only a scientist, he found that the geometry can help him solve this problem. We only perform strictly in accordance with the method of geometry type reasoning, knowledge can ensure that the truth of the universal necessity, the question is how do we determine the basic premise for reasoning, that is, the starting point or basis of knowledge. In the case of knowledge difficult to distinguish between true and false, Descartes advocated the use of universal doubt methods to clear the doubts of all things slightly, to exclude all knowledge of suspicious, no doubt looking for the basis of self-evident. In his I feel that since I put a lot of errors from an early age as a real acceptance of views over, and then on some very unreliable in accordance with the principles of things are not built up is not very suspicious, very unreliable, So I think that if I want to establish a firm scientific and reliable, enduring things, I would not in my days be careful to put all the ideas I have always believed all cleared out, and from the fundamental can not be re-started. Always hesitant of skeptics, because on the contrary, my whole plan is sure to be sought for their own reasons, to eliminate surface dust and sand in order to identify the rocks and clay. On First of all, we have been as real and reliable perceptual knowledge is not reliable. Despite feeling a lot of things to us about the report, but sometimes the senses can be deceiving. For example the same as the distance of an object is different in the sense that it becomes different things. Therefore, once these things to fool us Do not believe, is certainly prudent behavior. However, despite the sensory distance of things, size, etc. may deceive us, but in other ways may be no reason to doubt it. For example, I sat by the fire, dressed in winter coats, etc., how can I deny these hands, this body is for me? However, this is also suspicious. because I am a man, in sleep may be dreaming. I whether sitting here, being sober is uncertain or in the dream, so also can be questioned. That being the case, we can thus infer that all things depend on the scientific study such as physics, astronomy, medicine, and so are suspicious, because they exist in reality if the object is uncertain. Cartesian doubt is so complete that he even believes that his beloved mathematics, geometry is also questionable, because people often make mistakes when reasoning and God created the world also may be a liar, and he intended that we are fooled: We think that 2 times 2 equals 4, and in fact is equal to 5. Not only that, even the vision of God does not exist is also allowed. Thus, we which is very easy to assume that neither God nor heaven, nor the object, it is easy to assume that not even our own hands, no feet, and finally there is not even the body. In short, the past, all we could ascertain is illusory.
However, when we doubt this way all the time, the suspicion itself is no doubt that a truth that I can not doubt that It is thought Shique not exist, it is self-contradictory. In other words, those who suspect that there must be a doubt in doubt, thinking there must be a thought in the mind. So, ) but a true and reliable, even skeptics of any one of the most arrogant presumption of the truth does not make the shake, there is no doubt that we can put it as the first principle of metaphysics. As for ; the understanding, affirmation, denial, willing, or not, think, feel and so on.
Descartes insisted that On the idealist, which is obviously a misunderstanding. Descartes is not to say, all things are dependent on the think will find it difficult to distinguish between true and false in the case of knowledge, Descartes's Doubt may be the only feasible way out. because any arbitrary decision of the French are able to escape suspicion, we can do is to suspect exclusion of knowledge one by one, take a look at what is left. In other words, any positive knowledge are lost in this role, we can only rely on a negative way, but the end result is only one negative, that is negative itself. Therefore, the Cartesian method by suspected seek self-evident, unquestionable knowledge of the process, in fact, that is, exclude the contents of knowledge, and eventually found the main body of knowledge in the form of which is the process of understanding. When Descartes completed thinking I walk, confirm my existence. Indeed, we might try, there is no knowledge of a positive self-assurance can be no doubt of its own, it is obviously impossible. Let us think about what more than suspected good solution, enabling us to establish self-consciousness, apparently not. because of ego or self-consciousness only to distinguish with other things is possible, in other words, we can only difference with other thing to realize that I own. Thus, Descartes's ontological proposition, the only the power of cow tigers raised this proposition, it is a little fuss: We who do not know my own existence? However, the key is to know but that does not prove or claim in accordance with Descartes, nor is it intuitive proof of it to determine my existence, because if it is to prove that there is the premise, which is not the first principle. There is no doubt that Descartes simply a proposition to last forever, and it has great significance because it is reflective of modern philosophy laid, the main principles and basic characteristics of rationalism, marking the beginning of modern philosophy. Thus, Hegel praised Descartes: take the lead in rebuilding the foundation of philosophical heroes, philosophy in the rush for a thousand years later, now back to the basis of the above. 1978, p. 63] great contribution to philosophy of Descartes is that he suspected this by way of negative thoughts and ideas in the form of content (object) separately, thus establishing the independent status of the main body, and take it as the basis of all thought or knowledge. However, when he transformed into a reflection of the epistemology of ontology results, that ; the conversion. As Kant said, I think, as a thinking entity will be made a logical error, it is equivalent to determine the on the understanding of the subject can only be seen as a form of conditions, it is everything to me to judge the In other words, it must be judged to be a judge the as a basic condition for understanding, but can not know it philosophers have thought and exists in solving the identity problem has always been difficult to shake off the dilemma. Descartes is thinking through the content (object) and the form of thinking (the subject) to distinguish the way to establish the principle of subjectivity, which makes him unable to extricate themselves into a dualism. In his view, the mind and body are two mutually independent, unrelated entity. mind attribute is extension, is indivisible; objects can not be thought, is infinitely divisible. Descartes Although the established principle of subjectivity, but also caused a soul and body, the relationship between mind and body, the whole of modern philosophy has always been for this Recognizing the problem is plagued by deadly. because it is set up in the main body of the distinction between subject and object of its premise and, therefore, when the philosophers, which set out to prove the identity of thinking and being, when it was bound can not solve the problem. result, not only rationalism and empiricism can not cross this final barrier: Descartes had to ask the Lord to help coordinate limit, but also into the that the Cartesian subject is linked to the awakening, then, finally established the principle of subjectivity and completely clear the name of another great link, he is Immanuel. Kant. Compared with the Cartesian , Kant's philosophical questions facing more complex, they include science, freedom and metaphysical problems, which are mainly metaphysical issue that runs through all of his Philosophy.
the stage when the philosophy of Kant, when board , is in trouble when modern philosophy. Western philosophy from Greek philosophy began to take shape, a rationalist, it is, only through rational understanding of activities on the natural world form a universal necessity of knowledge, accessible to the fact that truth, this concept evolved into the modern philosophy of a scientific spirit, and greatly promote the development of epistemology. epistemology is to be solved on the things that we know exactly how to generate, and thus the knowledge of the general form come from necessity, or truth, and its scope and so on. It should be said, as long as we pursue knowledge, such problems are inevitable. But for the ancient philosophers, these issues have not yet entered their field of vision . As people gradually in-depth understanding of the world, more and more become the epistemological problem concerns the philosopher, in the modern philosophy there has finally become one of the main problems of philosophy. early modern philosophers to explain the scientific knowledge source of epistemological certainty and scope of the problem is divided into two major factions, and this is the experience of the UK and mainland rationalism.
experience of starting from experimental science, all knowledge claims are derived from perceptual experience and based on experience It attempts to generalize on the experience of the natural law of induction to. rationalism starting from theoretical science, sensory experience that is ultimately the individual, relative and accidental, and therefore generally not necessary as a solid foundation of scientific knowledge, so knowledge is by some rational deduction from the concept of inherent talent, and not so can not explain the universal necessity of knowledge. So the question of epistemology, the two factions split on one end of the philosopher, engaged in a fierce debate, and their one-sidedness is determined by who can not ultimately solve the problem, Hume's skepticism of modern philosophy is the best portrayal of the troubled. His skepticism not only the experience of the experience of attempting to obtain a general sum of knowledge of natural law ultimately shattered this ideal, but also make rationalism into a corner. Hume knowledge into two categories, one is about the relationship between the concept of knowledge, one is the knowledge about the external facts. On the relationship between the concept of knowledge has nothing to do with external things they meet the rules of their own contradictions to be universal and not inevitable. knowledge of the facts is different. As the knowledge of the facts must be established on the basis of sensory experience, so such knowledge can only be probable. Thus, the ideal of experience of course shattered, the same ideal of rationalism in trouble: the only rational theory inherent in trying to deduce a number of innate ideas all human knowledge, and Hume had proved the concept of rationality only to the inherent their relevant and has nothing to do with external things.
empiricism and rationalism of the dispute to the issue of philosophy in the theory of knowledge into a dead end, the consequences are very serious. Modern Philosophy and Enlightenment reason to advocate and promote the scientific and advance knowledge of their responsibility, however, between empiricism and rationalism debate while filling the danger of these ideals have come to nothing. It means that we not only can not prove that the universal necessity of scientific knowledge, but also as a rational basis of scientific knowledge itself occurred shaken. as the product of scientific knowledge is rational, whether it is the universal necessity of scientific knowledge can not be confirmed, or reason, could not confirm the universal necessity of scientific knowledge, the result is the same, it means that reason itself has become a problem.
course For modern philosophy, this is not the most serious problem. The more serious problem is that in the basic spirit of the Enlightenment took place within the conflict, and this is the conflict between reason and freedom.
modern philosophers as The main reason advocated is a scientific reason, which makes the philosophy of natural science formed under the influence of a mechanical determinism of Nature. in the booming encouragement of natural science under the science philosophers have tried to method is extended to all areas of human knowledge, they believe that both nature and society all human beings to obey their own rules in a unified, that is the natural law of causality, all things can thus be a reasonable description. Therefore, there is no man and the natural world What is the difference, as subject to the common law of nature, he is just a more sophisticated and more complex machines only. results, the two pillars of the Enlightenment - reason and freedom to place a sharp contradiction: when philosophers of science rational implementation of all areas of human knowledge, when not only free but also the value and dignity of their own into question. In this context, the French thinker Jean Jacques Rousseau in its own way reveals the inherent contradictions of this Enlightenment. When Rousseau tried to that the origin and basis of human inequality, he put the state of nature and social status against each other, that human beings had to live in carefree, natural state of freedom and equality, and when he entered the state of society will be lost when freedom and equality. This means that those who advocate the Enlightenment culture, science and progress, when Rousseau began a profound reflection of the Enlightenment.
for Kant, no matter the issue or the freedom of knowledge, in fact with another more important issue related to that metaphysical question. We have said in the first chapter, metaphysics is the core of classical philosophy department, which must be resolved are the basis of a unified universe, nature and based on issues, they have been seen as a solution to all philosophical basis and premise. As has been advertised metaphysical science, or that it is the highest ideal is to become a science and even is science, then the building of human knowledge based on the risk of losing face, and now it is facing philosophers such danger. in the metaphysical issue, philosophers have different opinions in the divergent philosophical debate, almost become a people of all against all concept, although this on the philosophical question, we can summarize his problems in a strict compliance with the laws of nature in the world, people have the freedom, there is no independent value and dignity. For Kant, these problems are related to knowledge problems, so he begins with knowledge of the problem to start to solve these problems.
issues in epistemology, Kant advocates must be derived from experience, it also endorsed the rationalism of the criticism of experience - experience of scientific knowledge, it only is not enough, they can only be innate universal necessity. But this way, we caught dilemma: if knowledge must be built on the basis of experience, knowledge, there can be no universal necessity; if there is widespread knowledge of necessity, it must be innate and can not be established on the basis of experience. Kant put in one sentence put out of this dilemma: how can we experience the first world object? [[Germany] Kant: (apriori) and This means that independent of experience and is a prerequisite for the experience, knowledge in terms of performance for the universal and inevitable, Kant also known as it must also have the experience and innate factors in these two areas, however, seem to acquired experience and innate factors that are incompatible.
So, how can we experience the first world object? If in accordance with the knowledge must be consistent The traditional concept of the object, we can never prove the universal necessity of scientific knowledge. because we not only external things and their properties can not explain how consciousness can be moved to, but can not prove that the basis must be built on the knowledge of how the experience has universal necessity. After a long deep thinking, Kant developed a strange idea: Since the year of Copernicus can the relationship between the earth and the sun reversed, imagine not the sun around the earth, but the earth revolves around the the sun, which made the and reversed the relationship between objects and look for the object to meet the knowledge that is inherent in the understanding of the main form of the result. In Kant's view, the problem which would have been perfect solution: on the one hand, our knowledge indeed must be built on the basis of experience, but on the other hand, the understanding of the main activities of the form itself also has a set of knowledge, as these forms of knowledge and the experience of the first experience of the conditions as exist in our minds, Thus the knowledge they have of the innate or universal necessity. In other words, knowledge and experience to provide material, while the principal was to provide knowledge of the processing order of these materials in the form of knowledge is experience in terms of its content, but its form and statement is innate. the universal necessity of scientific knowledge which proved to be.
which is to be known as the confined to the field of epistemology, it has a more important role.
Kant proved in its own way the universal necessity of scientific knowledge, highlighting the main in understanding the status, role and initiative, but at the same time produce a very serious negative consequences. because if it is not the object but the object of knowledge must be consistent with the understanding must be consistent with the main form, it means something for us to be divided into two aspects: one is through the understanding of the main forms of understanding of things, Kant called the thing on our Dingeansich) Natural Science requirements only in accordance with the natural features of the original understanding of the principles of nature have wavered, but, more seriously, the metaphysical attempts to transcend the limitations of the natural universe, to grasp the essence of unity of nature and laws of the ideal is bound to be impossible. This is said that natural science is possible, and metaphysics is not possible. From this perspective, the In Kant's view, this can limit the negative into a positive outcome, or that he is open to the limit by another of our rational ability. While recognizing the limitations embodied in the form of cognitive ability limited, but on the other hand it also shows that our knowledge is not recognized outside the field there is a limited form of freedom which can be seen as an infinite field. So, on the rational understanding of capacity constraints as the reason for the other kinds of capabilities that is practical ability to open up vast world of infinite, because the practical reason or German but said its based on a free. If something is not on our performance in two aspects, we can understand things universal and necessary to form their own scientific knowledge, it means that everything is under the constraint of the form in which knowledge can be no freedom there. But if things for us, is divided into two aspects, the result is completely different: the thing into the performance and Two aspects of the things themselves, man is the same. the one hand, as the natural existence of people subject to the universal and necessary laws of nature, in this area he is not free; while the other one is not subject to the laws of nature also has limited side. In other words, people with a dual nature, he is a necessary things and people lost their freedom. and when we limit the ability of rational understanding of the time, this will keep the place in the world for free. So, Kant think that we need to limit knowledge in order to leave the site of moral beliefs. [more See Kant's the other hand, cognitive ability is limited by opening the way for free. Thus, in the philosophy of Kant, the subject of the content has been expanded, the main subject is not only understanding, but also the will of the subject. Kant philosophy into practice, and claims the priority of practical reason, thereby Hegel, Marx eventually carried forward to form a new philosophy.
As mentioned above, Kant's great contribution in the history of philosophy is one of the main initiative of Praise . But the difference is, Kant, the principal activity of the carry forward is not only the epistemological sense, especially in the sense of ethics, and even can be said that his understanding of the main areas of activity truly reflected in the practice of not understanding domain. Reason There are two functions, namely, the theory of cognitive ability as a reason, and as the operational capacity of practical reason. Corresponding to this, there are two rational legislative power: the legislative and rational intellect is a natural for their own legislation. [usually people say, Kant argues must be distinguished intellectual and rational, because the different intellectual, the main activity, in fact, on the contrary, it reflects a person's limited. intellect is a natural legislation does not mean we can decide and control the natural law, because lawmakers and law-abiding here are separated: a priori knowledge in the form of legislation law-abiding is the experience of objects. Therefore, as we do not experience the object can not because of intellectual limitations intellectual law, which is a necessary field. and this is different from the field in practice, the rational for their own legislation, its own their compliance with legislation, lawmakers and law-abiding persons are unified, so it is self-discipline that is free. Therefore, the main activity is not truly reflect the cognitive capacity but the will. from Kant, practice has become much attention of area.
to Kant as a guide, the German philosopher who finally established on the basis of rationalism to an extreme the main activity, thus also indicates that the main fate of the 20th century.
Kant successors are not from the Germany's main initiative thought, but he thinks Kant is not complete, because it assumes an unknown outside the one hand, the physical self, including also assumed a priori unknowable self. In Fichte seems philosophy is epistemology, which is things in themselves do not assume that knowledge of the case of the universal necessity. That is to say, Fichte that not only knowledge but also knowledge of the contents of the form from all the main itself. So, he will combine theoretical and practical reason to said,

Details of successful sales

 First 15. Exercises a strong memory
memory is one of intangible assets. For the Seller, the super-memory is your avenues to success, is a necessary capability. If the goal is to be a excellent sales staff, then your memory to remember those who support their important things enough; if you want to be the top salesman, then we must exercise a strong memory.
to remember their names < br> This is the Wisdom - sul mm an American town that nobody on the success stories of how mid-century 30 .20 Wisdom - sul took over his father at the hotel restaurant, is this only 20 seats a small restaurant that would become famous across the family business in Michigan, and its many branches to form a band around the restaurant in southern Michigan, it was named one of the nation's best restaurants. When sul took over his father The hotel restaurant before, was an active athlete, is an American football quarterback and halfback, baseball's first baseman, is also the basketball point guard. At that time he had exaggerated his teammates and to know each other player's name. During World War II to become a Navy logistics officers Sool. during his business trip in Washington, the capital of the food tasted the same time, he also maintained his good memories of the good habit, every contact with him officers, as long as he know the name, he will keep in mind.
Now, the company has been handed over to the son of Hans and grandson Sool to taking over control, and now this restaurant is well known in Michigan. Su Le's success can in part be back to work on his very famous restaurant has a secret system of small snacks, but the most important factor is that sul super memory. his name to others can be said to Guomuchengsong. Thus he was able to come to the store for each customer are warmly welcome, as welcome guests to his home to visit the same. Meanwhile, he also has contact with him to remember every name of the person had the habit, these people almost all by his name firmly in mind. sul way is to get a first meeting of each person, whether customers, partners, competitors or their employees, he would ask each other's full name. and then repeat the name three times, and try to chat in the next dialogue or her name used. After the Road program after sul basically you can never remember the name of this person.
of course, also has a number of sul Shortcuts: When a group of strangers appear at the same time when the customer, he always will be their names linked to their position to help them remember. To avoid confusion, he will be the name of each person with a direction of the back or front of the word. After he recorded before going to bed at night, who will provide a chance to browse and remember the name again.
for sul, repetition of the memory is very effective. In fact the modern scientific research shows that people need to repeat 7 times more memory, will form a life-long memories. and sul also confirmed the success of the importance of memory: remember the name of each client, to truly realize the guests to return to the intimacy as it is a strategy for success .
If you feel that your memory has begun to decline, or had not so good, a lot of people need to meet at least three times to remember each other's names, then you must start now to practice your memory, the super memory is of great help to your career as a quality.
develop a remarkable memory
salesman should have a remarkable memory. because you must keep in mind a variety of performance products, and even a competition for each commodity characteristics. You have to remember the names of your customers at the next meet, do not need to remember to be blurted out. Perhaps the other side can not remember your name, but that does not mean you can not remember their name . can not remember their name, is a taboo for sale!
you can enhance memory through self-suggestion. means that you want to learn something, only half the battle, you also have to say to yourself: ; I remember it. Remember to learn more than you are just browsing over the contents, not to deliberately perform much better memory.
record the information and names of traveling salesman
need to travel, each trip will provide a lot of new information, so you need your own super-memory to write them down for future use. of course, just heard a positive message on human memory was only 50%, but the champion salesman has some effective methods can be used
to progress in the efficiency of their memory. The following tips first volume, hope to see help you develop their own quality in this area.
1. repeat of useful content
just heard the other after the finish , immediately to the other side, then use their own language to re-expression. aim is to one side repeatedly, while for their own gain time memory. If we do not take the initiative to repeat the words, they will continue to give you some new information, then your brain's memory device to will be overwhelmed.
2. quickly familiar with each other's speech patterns
If you can talk a few minutes at the beginning, summed up the pattern for the other to speak, or to remember one of the typical examples, and then their Refresh combination of conversation, also can help memory. and because the grasp of the characteristics of each other, it is easy to sit in the right into the seat. There is a small clothing store owner, she may remember the names of no less than every customer, but she always considered out of you, because she was the first face you see when you record in mind the characteristics: a big eye or a dyed red hair girls girls.
3. the use of certain memory method
and skills in this area have a lot of books, as a growing emphasis on memory, so people will study more. You can access some information, then according to their actual situation, to find their own way.
student Why do they always have good memories? there is one important reason is because when you study and had to take notes. quickly record some key words on paper, or on behalf of their own design specific meaning of symbols, after Rereading the impression will be a lot of depth.
second 16. Speech is silver, gold
listen is saying: more useful. If the customer places an order on the other side there for a while silent, and you must not think themselves bound to say something. Instead, you give customers enough time to think and make decisions. Do not self-assertion to interrupt their train of thought, otherwise you will regret was vomiting blood.
effective listening
front of the customers and sales staff to do the first volume of goods to their full advantage, which of course is essential. However, listening to the sales staff also has an important role. sales staff not only to encourage customers to talk and speak after the customer, but also learn to listen, then do not speak more than a few
. Some sales staff, For a priori reasons, introverted, quiet, customer-facing, at times I have a lot of want to say, no way open, the only thing they listen to, but their business is not imagined it could not carry out, on the contrary, they performance is not bad. This is the idea that they can listen to the customer, the customer is willing to deal with such people.
can be seen, the salesman how to say this is not the most important, the key is to learn to speak. speak speaking and listening skills, into the ears of its more important than that. A good listener who will be a good salesman. Listening is a skill worth developing, good at listening to people at social gatherings and career will occupy the upper hand. representing expert survey, 20 species in the sales manager's characteristics and capabilities, the top two are: listening and communication skills. during working hours, sales will be 70% -80% of its time to do the work of communication, of which the main activities is to listen. Therefore, listening is a successful sales person should have the most important quality.
listen, is often misunderstood as is very dangerous, and this misunderstanding will lead to to ignore this important communication functions. even terms, as a listener, it is only 35% efficiency. the lack of effective listening often leads to missed opportunities, misunderstandings, conflict and poor decisions, or failure to make timely discovery by subject led to the crisis. effective listening can be acquired through learning, familiar with their own listening behavior of web pages will help you become a proxy efficient listener. listen to the sales staff is essential. When speaking with customers to understand their own is a listener, rather than waiting to make a sale and purchase of the governed, they do not hide to give advice and share emotions. In this way, between customers and sales staff to creatively solve the issue, and not passing the buck accused. learn effective listening can make you establish good relationships with customers, sales staff access to important information needed to improve the professional image of your sales to ease tension, so that the sales job easier, relatively easy to convince customers.

listening is the best compliment is a courtesy to listen to, is a respected speaker's performance, the speaker is a high degree of praise, but is the best compliment to the speaker. listen to to each other like you, trust you. hope to see everyone get the respect of others by other people's attention. When we dedicate ourselves to listening to each other about, hard to listen, to listen attentively even when the other party must be respected and there will be a the feeling of being taken seriously, is bound to narrow the gap between the two sides.
through a friend's first volume, heavy-duty car salesman George, who used to visit the merchants bought their company cars. meet, the manner of George offers his own business card: car all the unpleasant, such as bad attitude, quotes false, false built and equipped, the handover time waiting for the car too long, etc..
customers chatter endlessly with George providing the car companies and the original Seller, George had to stand aside quietly, listen carefully, do not say a word. Finally, to all previous customers who have grievances spit bare headlong. When he took a break a little only when found in front of the sales staff seemed very strange. So, a little embarrassed, he said to George: capacity of the first capacity to me first, right. purchase, the entire process, George said, then do not add up to more than 10. heavy-duty vehicles the key transaction finalized by the road out of that client, he said: lying to you before the winter so I buy a car. therefore benefit.
second 17.
to win customers by listening to listening to our customers talking salesman, the most common weakness is that he only put on listening to our customers talk, the way my heart can not wait to wait for an opportunity within , want to talk about his own words, completely > listen to win customers
Joe - Gilad said: I observed that some sales staff chatter, so that their performance is always flat. why God gave us two ears and one mouth? I think, is to make us listen, speak! Ladd deep feeling on this point, as he learned from his clients this truth, but also come from the lessons.
One day, Joe - Gilad accompany clients to switch half an hour, on the He should have full grasp of buying a car, and sent into the office filling the order.
their way into office again to talk about winter and spring sounded customers to his son. > .
to be a doctor. suddenly said:
. Joe, you heard me. tell you, Mr. big shot, some people tell you what he likes does not like something, you should listen to them, listen attentively! something wrong, quickly said: ; any ideas?
br> Three years later, that client again, Joe - Gilad sell him a car. He not only buy their own, but also the first volume of the several dozen colleagues to Joe - Gilad here. and then later, that customers and from Joe - Gilad here to buy a car, the doctor gave his son Jim.
Joe - Girard 12 years and more cars were sold, known as the set into the goods patience. On the contrary, customers are willing to spend time with those who care about their needs, questions, thoughts and feelings of people together. Joe - Gilad on listening to do a simple sum, he thought, when we do not chatter, br> but listen to what others say, at least can gain three benefits.
(1) reflects your respect for each other;
(2) the opportunity to get more transactions;
a customer focused attitude of listening to our customers needs, goals in a timely manner to customers is not sure you understand what he wanted to say that the attitude of sincere focus on customer say that he can stir the heart more ideas.
2. to allow customers to finish, and note the key to remember is to meet customer needs you, you are to bring the interests of customers, let your customers to fully express his condition after, you can correct to meet his needs, as doctors described the patient to be listened to their condition before beginning diagnosis.
3. to grasp the idea that customers really
customers customer attitude, he probably will not really think tell you, he might use the excuse or false excuses, or for diversion to other purposes, or do not have a hidden reason inconvenience clear. so you have to listen to the customers as much as possible the idea of the real.
take customers inside The idea really is not an easy thing, you'd better listen to customers in the conversation, ask yourself the following questions.
(1) customers said what?
(2) it mean? he said is a fact or an opinion?
(3) Why did he say that? he said What is the purpose?
(4) from his talk, I know what you need him ?
(5) from his conversation, I knew he would like to see the conditions you buy?
if you can keep track of the above 5 points, I believe you will definitely become a burnt person.
second 18. The first time we met I remember the first time and exchange business cards
meet customers must remember to exchange business cards. Even in the appointment of the phone has spoken to each other has also been reported to name the generic term, or should be exchanging business cards. cards is salesperson for an important interpersonal communication tools, often used, but essential. a good sales staff attached great importance to business cards, and will properly use the card.
respectfully delivered and accepted delivery of a business card business card
, should be cautious, respectful and politely handed it to each other. in the delivery of well-known films, the salesman should not use the following method: pinch the part of business cards handed out to; to hand out business cards tucked finger. these two delivery methods easily towards the other side where the sharp is very incompatible with the etiquette. the right delivery method should be: the fingers close together, the business card on the palm, thumb grip around both ends of the card, respectfully to the other breast; or Bend the index finger and thumb grip the left and right ends business card offer.'s name on the card back on himself, so that customers can clearly read out their names, and easy to walk to the other party on receipt of the interval to delivery, which delivery is the most basic business card etiquette. Similarly, out of a business card, please do not forget to smile on her face, and not slowly and, procrastination, as this might make sense of anxiety, and even your sales generated sense of exclusion.
1. visiting cards to produce business cards with the attitude of tough
seriously can not take so-so attitude. first meeting by the time customers will produce a business card salesman approach to measure its character, determine whether it is worthwhile contacts. go out, the salesman should be easy to take out the card in advance to place out smoothly at the proper time, gave each other respectfully and politely said: . each other's business card, be sure to read through attentively, cut can not be casually stuffed into the pockets of a trouble; while exchanging business cards with a few people, and because is the first encounter, the other party to the temporary seats on the order of cards on the table , when talking with each other, while the iron is to remember each other's names and faces, the only card in the appropriate opportunity to close up. If there are several customers present at the same time, we must keep track the location of customers and business card, do not do can be mistaken identity, read the wrong name, as this will make you and your clients are selling discount goods.

Keep business cards business card if the wrong delivery of other people to each other, will be a very rude things, but also result in embarrassing scenes. putting the card in the back pants pocket, it will not respect each other's sense impression, so the card or on a better suit jacket pocket.
following these is salesperson details should be very aware of the place.
(1) business card holder may use the relatively long time, so please buy some of good quality.
(2) Do not place the card in the ticket holder, a small notebook inside , when the access is very convenient nor decent.
(3) business card holder should be placed on a suit jacket inside the bag, not in his hip pocket, especially after the pocket more than to put the card folder. < br> (4) When exchanging business cards, should be left to take their business card, right to receive other people's business cards, business cards so each handover.
(5) exchange of business cards into the seat after completion, to correct each other's business cards placed his business card folder.
(6) is not easily read the name it has to ask each other, but do not directly ask how to pronounce the word, you can repeat each other's names, will not be a word was stopped, indicating the other side, usually the other will not mind repeating once.
(7) If there are conference table when the talks, do not rush to put away the business card, business card in the collection after the other, if there are people, should be order on the table and went away, be sure to receive a good business card. not the other things on the card, this is a big taboo.
Dell Kan, director of marketing, said Roberts, when he went to see regular customers about this statement: get a more favorable discount. must be proficient grasp. excellent sales staff will use the special way people keep business cards.
second 19. to develop sales targets
establishing goals is very important. to establish goals to keep in mind: to achieve goals process, its progress is more important than achieving goals. As a salesman, not without their own goals and action plans, or sales will not be able to start, If it is messy, the scattershot visits to several customers, the probability of success and how many?
no goal to no direction
as a salesman, just found the right target, it should go forward and not be a temporary failure of the difficulties and short intimidated, we will certainly succeed. goals Seller is not everywhere clear. If a sales clerk casually asked: Q: Ladd, to their own goals and plans is to visit 30 clients every day, if the day was not reached, he would certainly not have to adhere to the night out to dinner. is with this spirit of persistence made him worthy of a top sales king, but also brought him great wealth.
To be a successful person, we must first have a clear goal in life. no goal in life, there is no specific action plan, work will muddle through, improvise, there is no sense of responsibility, let alone what a strong will and high-spirited. Yiping said the former marketing guru: passive, negative; if doing things for themselves, the target will be able to determine their own plans for their implementation, then his action is positive and proactive. no target seems to be no sales to buoy the ship, only in the river on the drift. no goals, sales staff can not conduct their own evaluation and summary of achievements, he does not remember where the goods sold, he wants to waste a lot of time, his performance stagnated, with no records. there is no record the things that is not happening.
goal setting sales targets three-step development of the general three-step
.
1. to set an ideal target in the choice of targets, to follow the was almost one br> asking price. is mutual respect for the interests of both conditions, so that their own interests to maximize the target.
2. seize the end of a vertical target
in Scotland, a small tire company had started only 4 days a week, manager enhance the competitiveness of commodities in the market, hope to see can start working five days to one week. However, the trade unions refused to make the meeting on the grounds that the ideal of union does not start on Friday. In the long sales process, company managers have repeatedly statement, if the union refused to cooperate, the Company may be *** of business. may be the ideal goal of union insistence. final sales failed, the company announced closure, the workers are unemployed. The union is due to the pursuit of ideals and goals at the expense of final vertical target mm to keep their jobs. end goal is survival longitudinal subject, the ideal goal is the development of topic, the ideal goal for the final vertical goals. If the subject did not solve the survival of talk about development? the end goal is vertical and the bottom line mentality.
3 . better to have a target range of objectives and end
longitudinal ideal goals, it is best to have a clear target range in order to leave room for negotiation and customers, allow customers to psychological sense of accomplishment.
market, A paper that says the shirt stall No price, 30 yuan each. but you can bargain, but also through the bargain, generally or in 25 per transaction, daily sales is not bad. customers excited about it, will buy a tie.
the same transaction is 25 yuan, B Why sales stall A stall than good would stall because the price of B has a target range of 30 per mm is his highest ideal target, the lowest 25 per longitudinal end of his goal. and this target range setting to allow customers to accept psychologically.
sales success can set goals, do not set goals, it can not fully develop their potential. particularly in terms of a salesman, if no target, it will become depressed, irritable , will be lost to the focus. We can see how important goal setting.
a goal is not afraid of failure
Whenever we start something, you always can not avoid failure, as Like a child learning to walk, not a child can not learn wrestling to go and run. from failure to success, this is the way, do not think it will succeed without fail, it is fantasy. fame and mediocre Inaction person will experience failure, the difference is that failure is success and fame were to be successful, a new dynamic, but also the gap between mediocrity are insurmountable.
When a new customer to the company Jie, When to visit him, Jie both excited and nervous, almost afraid to make eye contact with customers on the exchange, the customer's questions answered is also hesitant, until after the end of conversations with customers found themselves with palm also nervous full of sweat, sweat shirts are soaked. This visit customers with predictable results, the initial sales Jie so failed. but Jie did not blow because of the failure to do see, he seriously analysis of the merits of their location: they certainly have a wealth of theoretical knowledge on the sale, but no practical experience. in the goods sold on their own understanding of the skills of dealing with people's knowledge is still quite lacking.
second 20. to develop a sound marketing plan 2
morning time is the key to victory or defeat, when it decided to sell, salespeople have to study carefully how to formulate a plan of action as early as possible. In making plans, let us look at ) The first is reading, thinking marketing programs, develop action plans that day's sales. (3) 6:30 into the client's home to hang up in order to finalize the visit time.
(4) 7 o'clock breakfast, and his wife to discuss the work.
(5) 8 o'clock to the company to work.
(6) 9 o'clock ride in his favorite car out to the Cadillac sales.
(7) 6 pm after work home.
(8) at 8 o'clock to study, reflect, and organize customer information, and arrange the new program.
(9) 11 o'clock bed time.
Mr. Saito, the success of the help of bamboo every day because of his careful planning, and strictly implemented according to plan, work nonstop from morning to night. you know, he was only 57 years into the desperate into the sales profession mm Asahi Mutual Life Insurance Company. and he only 5 years from the debt, became Japan's chief salesman. at age 70 years by the United States's become the world's chief salesman, this is done by the merits of his unshakeable brought. good marketing plan is divided into two types: for the sale and development of operational plans and to provide customers with the plan as a reference.
first kinds of plans, the salesperson's action plan, also known as battle plans.
how to develop operational plans, many ways, generally includes the following steps:
(1) setting goals, establishing sales outlook. determine the marketing concepts or creed, but also to make specific, detailed the total target decomposition, making it the guiding principle of the work of the part of the business and direction.
(2) to guess. No matter how the salesman's subjective intent, in fact, is surrounded by the objective environment. If ignored guess the objective analysis of the environment, marketing plans are just building a tower on the sand, the air-made floor.
(3) envisaged marketing plan. sales plan is based on sales staff intention two kinds of plans, to provide a reference plan. It produces a very large role, if well developed such a plan, you can say that the sales is half the battle. salesperson to develop sales plans, always taking into account the following two things: One is usually sales have in common; the other is the sales target due to the various situations that may arise. In general, the sales staff at work are used to prepare the products of the company manual. Company goods manual, an overview of the main features of the operation of commodity, is applicable to all customers, all sales staff a common language. As fits, we all use it, therefore, not only the usefulness of the sales will not achieve much, And to make customers feel tired easily. Therefore, the sale should be based on different objects, their preparation of the corresponding file. Handbook of goods issued by the company, based on repeated study, imagine, if they are customers, how will think, should provide What is the best reference programs. This would be vary, just kind of.
when the customer is a company, it is necessary to the company's product manual as a reference, according to the size of the company to write programs . whether the other has a hundred or a thousand staff ...

Warm and simple style, 4.2W to build the city's record petty decoration real life

 First City District Name
type of housing
2
City Hall, Room 2, Unit 1, 1 Wei kitchen area
92 square meters
create decorative design units
real solid record of three decorative center design
modern minimalist decor

construction period
40  
create decorative type of package
real solid record 288 Deluxe Package
decorative total project cost
52154 Yuan Yuan owners case
the client's successful career as a pair of middle-aged couple, mature, demanding design.
garden designer is good at Chinese Continental style

real simple create decorative Hotline
2010 Love participated in the Christmas special template 【quiz to win Grand Prize】 12 Constellation Dr Cheng marriage doomed previous life: to see how long your fate? women and men must not be fun to open the four men who truly loves you so! (Figure 20 criteria to determine whether or not you mature? let you make money in 2011 is more prosperous per capita housing area is not low in China that what? men met three women most likely to derail colorful! New Year New 65 level the sun a man cheating on his wife may be a constellation of Top The most suitably day official home improvement things you do not know!!!! cinderella 2010 Home Business Top Ten quality feng shui house slaves leave home to help your career Jet Li martial arts rare collection of childhood exposure Shenyang according real ugly Chong Ho Li Jiao Post Home Simple Feng Shui Daquan Found commanded five strokes Bill Gates to build the house so smooth, Ma, Li Ka-shing and other global entrepreneurs are believe in feng shui! Important: guard against false information about Christmas gifts winning big run, everyone has! Home Simple Feng Shui Daquan five strokes Bill Gates to build the house so smooth, Ma, Li Ka-shing and other global entrepreneurs all believe in feng shui!

The snow, I am with you hand in hand

 Snow again today, looking at the snow, I thought of her. On a field of snow, well under the United States.
Thinking about her, thinking about her. Saw her on the line, the result we had a falling, and finally good of the. We've been with the same heart, felt the other side, waiting for me to marry her years later, she made my bride.
his emotionally heavy, went out alone in the snow in the sky I am alone, but my heart just filled with you, little girl.
remember the heavy snow, I waited for her in the snow for a long time, you still come, my you look shivering in the snow , I kind of hold your impulses, my hair was covered with snow, you make me look down, I knock down the snow by hand, then the warmth of the scene, I hope to stay in that moment of time.
I want to hold your hands red, through snow, through the life ~~~~~

You can fantasize about big brother is not just legend

 You can fantasize about big brother is not just legend
text / snakes of this year's Spring Festival and Western
Valentine's Day together on the same day, learned from the Internet, which is 57 years since the West since 1953, two collisions again after the hand. two encounters must be waiting for the next 38 years, that have a chance to hand 2048.
suddenly felt that this special day belongs to us, is born 1953 years ago, snakes were .57 , two snakes came to earth were born together, although not in the same city, although it did not catch the Chinese New Year day, but the infant born with a complex we have to experience the world.
57 years stroke, the number of storms experienced ups and downs, ups and sweet and sour. from a little place, to the grandson of the children in pairs around the knee, six years on the road train Ben directed his sixtieth in your hand and the sub- sing a long marriage in hand once again Chinese New Year Valentine's Day encounter.
this encounter is different from the infancy of the case 57 years ago, this encounter is the real life encounter. the next 38 years to meet , then we are 95 years old at the ripe old age I hope to feel the deep love again.
the past 2009 years, the network There is a catchphrase: Do not fantasize about big brother is just a legend. However, in this special day, the White Snake, I want to say: You can fantasize about big brother is not just legend! we caught up with the two infant hand in the year, 57 years later we met again two hand, We look forward to meet again 38 years later, two hand to catch the last train.
in this special holiday, the two snakes to send my heartfelt blessings to you! and we want to tell you: Costa Rica is the big brother is not only a legend!
Note: still under revision,

Groupon said it would

 [event] According to foreign media reports, recently, one of the world's largest buy site Groupon Danny Yang, CEO of Hong Kong, said the business sector, Groupon will Danny Yang said, Groupon has hired in China, about 120 employees and plans to expand the number of employees within three months to about 1,000. He declined to joint venture partner, there is no clear formal service delivery time.

[Comment] the present situation, the boss of the United States buy into the Chinese market site is a certainty, the industry generally believe that if it really can and Tencent hand, the absolute benefit of its Customers with the local Sites. However, Tencent get the big brother is not so good, and its own resources for its users to bring a very strong bargaining power, and ultimately the difference between the issue of controlling interest may struggle. (Wen Jing) 

Why does the Chinese stock market a casino Chen Zhiwu

 Recently, the Chinese stock market rises and falls like a history of recurrent cycle of
my new book, Wang graduated three from Ohio State University, excitedly to join me and my colleagues to do another fund management company, this young man feel when the king three fund managers, day trading stocks and options futures cool, therefore, decided in Taiwan to the parents the good news, said he had found a good a job, let the parents raise their happy happy years. his family for generations are to open a bank, he is an only child, King III that his father will certainly use their own bank for us in Taiwan fund-raising, after all, this is the cause of his son to do. Let the king thirty Wanmoxiangdao, when he told his father on the phone when their practitioners plan, his father cursed his meal and said son, if it is in the United States having failed to make to go away come back, whatever the outcome, in Taiwan, I can give you arrange the work of a man appear! years ago, the traditional Chinese family business owners, known experts want to stock, wait for national stocks. So, in the community of stocks turned positive from negative, of university graduates compete for jobs after the fund company, China is not from the stock market has a healthy culture, and American financial revolution in China the soil to root out? or is it on the surface like a > in the previous chapter I talked about that the Americans even more money than any other country, it is important because it has to any assets, any future income stream into a financial capital of the institutional system of capital, land for those who can not move and resources, see also touched on future income flows up into the capital today, so that wealth can be transformed into the capital after the premise that there must be a reliable institutional framework (in particular implementation of the system architecture) to ensure that the only way the instrument as a financial capital carriers will not depart from it represents the assets or future income stream and independent existence. that is, carrying property rights with its financial instruments bearing the distance between the assets can not be too far. Otherwise, when the financial instruments and the carrying value of the assets it has, after decoupling, the trading of financial instruments just like gambling, no essential difference, this paper deals around culture is one thing just like a gambling culture. This nature of the capital market is not the East and West differences.
to the stock market, for example, the stock market capitalization of course, is the most important one of the ways, by the listed companies assets and securitization of future revenue streams, so that a country's capital supply greatly increased. what stock market trading in the financial contract is based on the expected future income to pricing. Since the trading value of the contents of the expectations by the decision on the future , which gives almost unlimited imagination, but also for speculation, manipulation of the stock market has provided a broad space. a stock transaction, the stock is prone to a world, the stock of listed companies behind is another world, nothing to do with each other. Once the stock listed company with its actual out of the relationship between the stock market is really just an idea for a casino, the stock of course, either in the free expansion for some time, other times can also spilled the ground indefinitely.
we have seen, the listed company's future full of uncertainty, including a number of risks. precisely because of this inherent risk is difficult to predict the real economy, on the one hand simple and easy people to please God, sharper, thanks to the Buddha, or simply look at the stock code There are no of the insider, external and government officials manipulate information and even false information, inciting the public confidence and create the conditions for investors. In general, the stock market listed company's future expectations, including two parts, first part is true information on the future based on the existing expected to form the second part by the insiders of listed companies, the external and the manipulation of government officials and other manufacturing shares of listed companies decide the distance between the core elements of the farther the stock market like a casino more than the investment market. Therefore, in order to make the stock market more like the investment market, the core purpose of the system architecture to minimize the market is required contents of the following aspects of the system.
must first have a free and open media, mass media without the full and fair dissemination of accurate information on listed companies and stock markets, , the stock market into a casino, the stock bubble will often do. at the stock exchange in the 16th century in the Netherlands and London, the newspaper has not yet been invented, and no magazines or radio, television and the Internet, investors rely mainly on coffee in London Hall heard the rumors and rumors, to determine the stock value and price trends. When the coffee shop, is the main oral hearsay occurrence of the stock bubble in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom is not surprising.
However, only newspapers, magazines and other news media were not enough, must also manipulate the information, false information to manipulate stock prices to justice. For example, there newspapers and other mass media, the fix, the media has become a tool for stakeholders, the illicit molecules or ulterior motives of officials spread false information in the most convenient means, the listed companies may use the media hype, administrative officials may also use the media release of misleading statements to know the truth of the investors astray. to the 1720s, London newspapers have been more popular, coffee shop filled with all kinds of information on the listed company share prices, and newspapers, because until then the basic is also the UK did not punish false information, regulation of securities fraud laws, some listed companies use the media hype, only for the company and glossy (disguised fraud), so, to the 1720 first time in history occurred in the stock market bubble mm South Sea stock bubble. After the bubble burst, the British Parliament altogether through the famous there are some false information to manipulate the stock market may be regulators open eyes closed eyes, even if identified, given the penalties are insignificant, the result of course is the shares and listed companies to contact only a little more than nominal.
third institutional arrangement is also important that the Government can not save the market. If the one hand, regulators say, each time when the stock market crash, but also through an editorial encouraging people to enter the stock market, through to the fund companies, securities companies can only buy pressure can not be sold, strictly limited to contain the new company listed on the stock supply, regulatory authorities in various mode prop up the market to regulate the market is equivalent to management stock market index, then eventually no one will be real useful information of listed companies have any needs, because its analysis of listed companies, might as well bet on the government's rescue policy direction. Once investors lose true information required incentive to provide information on whether the fraud, whether the manipulation of information, also nobody cares. slowly, even with well-developed media, with the Internet transfer large amounts of information, are also increasingly provided by The more , the government actually gives investors a fall prevention for each insurance. With anti-fall insurance, regardless of whether the listed companies, nor what information is to buy stocks are always earn less. This City, how so seriously.
This new book has been included into the Wealth Lesson

Of internal control and internal auditing relationship

 Of internal control and internal audit relationship
Abstract: Internal control and internal audit is interactive, the development of internal control the development of the internal audit, internal audit oversight and internal controls to promote further improvement and refinement. Internal control and good interaction of internal audit, corporate governance will help promote innovation, and effectively reduce the risk of corporate governance, improve internal operating conditions of the modern enterprise system to ensure that business objectives. This paper describes the meaning of internal control and internal audit and its contents start with the meaning of its contents, in the analysis of internal control and internal audit on the basis of the relationship, combined with our internal control and internal audit of the status of internal controls to correctly handle the relationship with internal audit measures.
Keywords : internal control, internal audit, relations
internal control is the social and economic development to a certain stage of the product, is an important means of modern business management. particularly in today's deepening economic reform, for economic activities, supervision, and strengthen self- constraint mechanism and improve economic efficiency is more important. internal audit as an important component of internal control, internal control is a necessary means to achieve. in the modern enterprise system to achieve business goals, internal control and internal audit of the relationship between issues need to be realistic.
First, the meaning of internal control and its content
the development of internal control theory has undergone a long period, can generally be divided into internal containment area, the internal control system, the internal control structure and the overall framework of internal control, and several different stages. COSO Committee noted that: compliance to achieve the objectives of the process to provide reasonable assurance. establishment and implementation of corporate control have a significant impact the general term for a group of factors is the basis for other parts of the internal control. control environment includes integrity and ethical values of employees, employee competence, management ideas and management style, organizational structure, Board of Directors and Audit Committee, the management authority and responsibility of the method of allocation, human resources policies and measures, external impact.
2, risk assessment. is a business management at all levels of internal and external risk perception. risk refers to the possibility of not achieving organizational goals. risk assessment is a prerequisite for setting goals, the target must be sales, production, supply, finance and other operations combined. risk assessment, including risk identification and risk analysis.
3, internal control activities. is to ensure the business goals established policies and procedures, including control of the business license, certificates and records control, asset access and usage control, segregation of duties, independent auditing.
4, information and communication. is refers to the relevant information and, effective way to identify, imputation and passed to relevant personnel, to effectively perform their duties.
5, control. was to evaluate the quality of internal control procedures. It includes the daily management and supervision activities , including internal audit and external groups and units to monitor the exchange of information.
the relationship between the above five factors can be understood as: the core business is people, people of integrity, moral values and competencies that constitute the enterprise's internal control environment, which is the basis for the development of enterprises. Every business has its own development goals, in order to achieve the goal of influencing factors must be analyzed, namely, risk assessment. for the risk assessment need to take appropriate internal control activities to control and risk reduction. At the same time with the internal control environment, risk assessment and internal control related activities, information should be obtained in a timely manner, processing order, and delivery within the enterprise, which is information and communication, information and communication activities in the internal control system around the around, reflecting the enterprises functioning of the management activities. In order to ensure the normal operation of the internal control system, also need to monitor the entire internal control process. among the five elements of internal control and contact with, form a complete system, with the flexibility to conditions change. But between the various elements is not an element of an element under the influence of the order process, any one factor can influence the other elements, such as risk assessment not only affect the internal control activities, information, and may also affect communication, monitoring behavior.
Second, the modern meaning of internal audit and its contents
1999 International Institute of Internal Auditors make a new definition of internal auditing: Internal auditing is used to increase the organizational value and improve organizational operations independent, objective assurance and consulting activities. it systematic, disciplined approach to risk management, control and governance processes to evaluate and improve the effectiveness and help organizations achieve their objectives. This new definition would extend the scope of internal audit to risk management and corporate governance, internal audit is that internal control and governance processes for the evaluation of the effectiveness and improvement are necessary.
modern internal audit work mainly covers the following topics:
1, the auditing .'s internal auditing of enterprises, focusing on its assets, liabilities and profit and loss of real, legitimate and profitability. examine the main elements: the development of the company's compliance with the requirements of relevant national laws and regulations; companies have a period of time the assets, assumed liabilities, operating results and the distribution of true legitimacy; company's assets the security, integrity and increasing the value of the situation.
2, cost-effective audit. internal audit conducted by the economic benefits of the audit, mainly from improved production and management and improve the internal management system of two aspects. On the one hand, the internal audit by the enterprise supply, production, marketing of all aspects of human, financial and material elements of the inspection, analysis, constructive comments, can help The departments and units responsible development of improved production and management measures to improve economic efficiency; the other hand, by evaluating the internal audit departments and units of the internal control that management deficiencies, and other means to make management recommendations to help the sector, improve the internal management of the unit, increase economic efficiency.
3, economic responsibility audit. was to evaluate the internal organization, personnel engaged in economic activities in certain period of time to determine its operating results, a clear financial responsibility, including leading cadres here term economic responsibility audit and annual economic responsibility audit.
4, the internal control system review. mainly on the integrity of internal control systems, to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness.
5, to carry out the audit of clear property rights. clear audit of its property right, to avoid the state-owned assets, the collective loss of assets or other acts detrimental to business interests.
6, other audit. combined with their own characteristics of the industry, carry out the operation, management and other aspects of the audit.
In addition to these six, the internal audit should also include provision of advisory services for enterprises, namely, customer service consultants and other activities, the type and scope of services in consultation with the client, the purpose is to increase the value, change the sound corporate governance, risk management and internal auditors can be exempted from the responsibility of management control procedures.
Third, internal control and internal auditing relationship analysis
internal control review and be reviewed, evaluated, and the relationship being evaluated. from the basic process of internal control can be seen, the internal control system is by design, through implementation of the system of internal control, internal control system to the test, then the evaluation of internal control system, an integral part of the whole process of the four, control activities again and again, the first two aspects of enterprise management and the responsibility of the various functional departments, and then two areas is the primary role of internal audit of space, the internal audit of internal control system as an important sub-system, is also monitoring the control system to control and then, in the control system has an irreplaceable, important position, resulting in corporate governance, organizational structure and procedures of operation, the formation of internal control, internal audit interactive hands ��ϵ.
(a), the internal audit of internal control is the control range from the traditional accounting controls and gradually extended to the management control, operational control, risk control until control of all business processes, involving all aspects of corporate activities.'s development path from the point of view of internal audit, internal audit focus from disadvantages to the traditional correction-based troubleshooting shift management audit of the financial audit, performance audit and risk audit, the audit function has been extended to the traditional supervision and evaluation of supervision and evaluation and consultation, the ; change, the internal audit objectives are set by the Authority's internal control changes to improve internal control systems. internal control and internal audit together there is a clear interaction between the internal control of the direction is the direction of internal audit, internal control content is internal the contents of the audit, internal control is a key part of the internal audit focus. shifting the focus of internal control, the objective to promote the internal audit focus servo and metastasis. Comparison of sound and effective control, the scope of the audit can be appropriately reduced, samples can appropriate reduced audit risk to be controlled, otherwise, appropriate to expand the scope of the audit will need to increase the audit sample, to avoid audit risks.
(b), the internal audit of internal control internal controls and improve the role of a watchdog.
audit of internal control system is the internal audit staff from the research and analysis of the internal control system to start by compliance testing, as reflected in the audited information on the authenticity of economic activities, reliability, accuracy, and make the evaluation of effectiveness, and on this basis, the decision was to be substantive audit scope and content of the test, while the revised audit of the direction and objectives, the implementation process in the audit plan to form an audit opinion. In recent years, , the internal audit of the most important concept innovation is to emphasize the internal audit control system, the most explicit direction that object into the process and results of the audit object, both note that the results of the audit, more emphasis on the audit process; to a particular point in time from a static situation in the whole process of the audit into the dynamics of the audit, not only pay attention to the static internal control standards under the audit, pay more attention to the effectiveness of the audit process. the size of its internal controls, the control effect of the advantages and disadvantages, the main means of testing standards and testing to be completed by internal audit, internal audit has found that the internal control system as a the important role of defects, as the testing of internal control system, monitor, and information respondents.
(c), internal control and internal audit of the interaction together, is conducive to innovation and corporate governance.
Corporate Governance innovation in the development of internal control together with the interaction of internal audit as an effective corporate governance continue to improve the inject new vitality of governance.
1, conducive to improve and perfect control system. through the interaction of internal control and internal audit control systems can be found together in the weak links, revealing the existence of potential corporate governance risks, propose feasible The improvements and programs to enable more effective control system to run.
2, is conducive to early detection of potential risks of corporate governance. internal audit by the evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control, not only to expose and constraints of various immoral and non-standard behavior and prevent a variety of adverse effects caused to the company, as well as early detection of risk areas to be the focus of treatment, prevention, rich content of corporate governance.
3, is conducive to the implementation and functions of the board of supervisors extension. In the corporate governance structure, the Supervisory Board due to multi-party factors, can only be limited to the supervision of the company's senior management, the authorized agent in the lower base in the blind spot, resulting in corporate governance structure of the functions in the control of the board of supervisors can not be implemented. internal control and internal audit of interaction, so that different levels of authority and agency to fully reflect the situation, help to form a top-down, bottom-up all-round monitoring, the board of supervisors to implement and extend the functions.
4 is conducive to the comprehensive real information delivery. internal audit in an independent capacity to form audit report to provide true information to the relevant departments, thereby contributing to the scientific decision-making and enhance the function and value of corporate governance, but also a partial solution to the client and agents between with Chinese characteristics and internal audit system, to improve the internal self-restraint mechanisms, the establishment made a great contribution to the modern enterprise system. However, some of the enterprise's internal control and internal audit to establish, implement, and improve the desired results have not been, in general, not optimistic.
(a), of some enterprises have not fully internal audit of internal control as a expanded from the traditional accounting control to management control, operational control and risk control in all operational aspects of the company, some of the contents of internal audit has taken place is still stuck in the matters to be audited for the object, focusing on the authenticity of the review of its accounting information and legitimacy, aimed to prevent, detect Cuobi financial revenue and expenditure, the internal audit service is limited to light weight monitoring financial and accounting aspects. the development of internal controls and internal audit failed to promote the development.
(II), China there is no real internal audit business to fulfill its proper functions, so that part of the enterprise's internal audit, saying the play did not test internal controls, monitor and feedback role.
some enterprises in internal audit, there is no adequate internal controls for compliance testing and substantive testing, and internal audit and other functions as are led by leaders of the unit directly in the internal audit found internal control problems, because of Foreign Yang strong independence and authority of the internal audit unit in the same level of other departments, because the same level, but also mutual restraint, and some companies is Over time, internal audit oversight inevitably become a mere formality. so that the internal audit process that the integrity of the internal control system and the effectiveness of internal controls did not perform timely response.
(c), internal control and internal audit did not form good interaction together, did not fully play their role in corporate governance, the driving force of innovation.
in some business management, corporate governance structure is imperfect, weak internal control environment and internal controls for internal audit did not ;, and internal audit have not played a test of internal controls, monitor and feedback role, leading the internal audit is not an effective test evaluating internal control, internal control systems are not promptly improve and perfect; internal audit and Since the effectiveness of internal control system and not sound better development. internal control and internal audit did not form a good interaction, internal audit can not fully convey the information, leading to the potential corporate governance risks can not be early detection and improved , the functions of supervisory board has not implemented an extension.
five internal controls and correctly handle the relationship between internal audit response
(a) increasing the development of internal audit concepts, to improve the internal audit system, the internal audit and internal control and common development, promote the internal control system.
with the number in the appropriate internal audit, the better the quality of internal audit staff. so that it can meet the modern enterprise system, the internal control system needs. in the internal audit, matters of internal audit from the past extended to have occurred and are occurring, that results from the monitoring of internal control extends to the process and results monitoring, troubleshooting a variety of measures from the internal audit-based shift management audit of the financial audit, efficiency Audit and risk error prevention audit auditing a variety of measures. auditing supervision and evaluation functions from the traditional extended to the supervision and evaluation and consultation, the changes to improve internal control systems.
(b) improve enterprise management awareness of the importance of internal audit, strengthening the role of internal audit, internal audit to truly become a test of internal control, monitor and feedback role .
through the establishment of sound internal audit system to ensure that internal audit's independence and impartiality, we should first enhance the status of internal audit, the setting for the audit should be higher than the other functional departments. At the same time, it must be the internal audit staff from the accounting , separate financial officers, internal audit and key in the conventional project audit, the audit work directly on the board of directors or supervisory board is responsible, so as to ensure the independence and authority of internal audit. In addition to the training of internal audit staff, audit staff update knowledge, improve their skills to enable them to adapt to the characteristics of internal audit work, clarify their job responsibilities. We should give full play to the role of internal audit, internal audit approach from a simple post audit of the traditional way, transferred to the advance, the audit up and implementation of internal audit staff should rely solely on the strength of the internal audit internal audit and external audit to the combination of direction. so that the internal audit of internal control plays a comprehensive and effective monitoring and evaluation, and promote the establishment and improvement of internal control, reasonable and effective internal controls to ensure that the design and operation.
(c), to create a good internal control environment and improve the internal control system and internal audit system, and promote innovation and corporate governance.
standardized corporate governance structure, from business owners standpoint, the power of enterprise managers to exercise internal control process is incorporated into the scope of supervision and internal control to it as the focus of monitoring object, clear the shareholders, board of directors, the duties of supervisors and managers, decision-making system, management systems and monitoring systems fulfill their duties, coordinate operations, and effective checks and balances. to ensure that internal audit conducted by the internal control testing, evaluating internal control system soundness, compliance and effectiveness. in the internal audit improve and perfect the internal control and internal audit as an important component of internal control, for improvement in internal controls, improve their internal auditing. to ensure that a comprehensive internal audit of the information can be conveyed, the timely submission of internal control weaknesses and the corresponding recommendations for improvement, encourage business at a reasonable cost to promote the effective control and reduce the risk of corporate governance, to improve the internal operating conditions, to ensure that the modern enterprise system of business goals.